Other question regarding Glycemic index and glycemic load

Is complex carbohydrate always have higher than the sweet food ?

It's true most of the time but some starchy foods like potatoes or white bread score even higher than honey or table sugar (sucrose)!

WHY glycemic Index Important ?

The higher the glycemic index , the greater the rate of blood sugar rises . in response the faster the insulin release. With these faster insulin response you may feel an initial elevation in energy and mood as your blood sugar rises, but this is followed by a cycle of increased fat storage, lethargy, and more hunger!

What is glycemic load ?

(Net Carbs are equal to the Total Carbohydrates minus Dietary Fiber)

It will bring more problem to diabetic patient as diabetes type ii have difficulty in insulin response to bring down the blood glucose level.

GL = GI/100 x Net Carbs

Your glycemic response can be controlled by consuming low-GI foods and/or by restricting your intake of carbohydrates

Glycemic Indexes and Glycemic Loads for Common Foods

(reference http://nutritiondata.self.com/topics/glycemic-index)
Glycemic index of 55 and below - low
Glycemic index 70 and above high
Glycemic  load 10 or below -low
Glycemic load 20 or above -high

GI and GL for Common Foods
Food	GI	Serving Size	Net Carbs	GL
Peanuts	14	4 oz (113g)	15	2
Bean sprouts	25	1 cup (104g)	4	1
Grapefruit	25	1/2 large (166g)	11	3
Pizza	30	2 slices (260g)	42	13
Lowfat yogurt	33	1 cup (245g)	47	16
Apples	38	1 medium (138g)	16	6
Spaghetti	42	1 cup (140g)	38	16
Carrots	47	1 large (72g)	5	2
Oranges	48	1 medium (131g)	12	6
Bananas	52	1 large (136g)	27	14
Potato chips	54	4 oz (114g)	55	30
Snickers Bar	55	1 bar (113g)	64	35
Brown rice	55	1 cup (195g)	42	23
Honey	55	1 tbsp (21g)	17	9
Oatmeal	58	1 cup (234g)	21	12
Ice cream	61	1 cup (72g)	16	10
Macaroni and cheese	64	1 serving (166g)	47	30
Raisins	64	1 small box (43g)	32	20
White rice	64	1 cup (186g)	52	33
Sugar (sucrose)	68	1 tbsp (12g)	12	8
White bread	70	1 slice (30g)	14	10
Watermelon	72	1 cup (154g)	11	8
Popcorn	72	2 cups (16g)	10	7
Baked potato	85	1 medium (173g)	33	28
Glucose	100	(50g)	50	50

Glycemic Index

What is glycemic Index ?

Glycemic Index is  Index that ranks carbohydrates based on their rate of glycemic response (i.e. their conversion to glucose within the human body). Glycemic Index uses a scale of 0 to 100, with higher values given to foods that cause the most rapid rise in blood sugar. Pure glucose serves as a reference point, and is given a Glycemic Index (GI) of 100.In Other word , the faster the blood sugar rise the higher the GI

I

Treatment of diabetes

When talking about the treatment of diabetes. The first impression would be medication and injection. To be honest treatment of diabetes starting from patient itself.
Yes, you are not hearing it wrong, it started from you (diabetic patient). Your attitude and understanding of the disease contributing to your success of diabetes.
First is understanding of the disease. The understanding of the disease is important for compliance to diet, healthy lifestyle and taking medication if needed.
Low or no sugar diet is important to diet control . Patient should take low or no sugar with minimal carbohydrate diet, moderate protein and fat diet. The ratio is carbohydrate 55%, protein 20-30%, fat 15-20%. If possible , try to take low glycemic index carbohydrate. High fibre diet for those interested.

Healthy lifestyle including exercise at least 30 minute per day if cannot at least 5 day a week. Brisk walking, cycling, swimming all depends on your preference.

Compliance to medication prescribed by your physician. It may be oral medication or injection.
There is few group of medication.
Oral medication such as
 Biguanides-metformin (glucophage)
Sulfonylurea-gliclazide, glibenclamide
alpha glucosinase inhibitor-acarbose
meglitinides-repaglinides
Newer agents- DPP iv inhibitor- sitagliptin(januvia), saxagliptin (onglyza)

Injection medication:
Insulin - short acting, intermediate acting and long acting
GLP 1 analogue- exenatide, Liraglutide

This is the brief thing about management of diabetes.


Any Question Please contact drkhookf.tmc@gmail.com

Steps to maintain good sugar control in diabetes!

The rule of thumb is HEALTHY lifestyle!

Regular exercise ( prefer 30 minute for 5 days a week)
Healthy diet ( Low sugar, high fibre and low fat)
Lose weight (if overweight)
Stop smoking if you are amoker
NO alcohol
Take your medication as Dr request.
Regular visit to Dr.
Regular monitoring of blood sugar

Diabetes info

Many people do not know exactly what is diabetes ? They only know they need to take medication or some need injection? Is there consider serious if taking injection ?
Most of the diabetes in adult is type 2 diabetes. Type 1 Diabetes mainly among children.

How many people have type 2 diabetes?
Number of diabetes steadily increased each day ! More than 200 million people with type 2 diabetes  by 2010 and 380 million by 2025.

What is diabetes?
Diabetes defined as fasting blood glucose more than 7 mmol/L with symptom or 2 occasion fasting glucose more than 7 or 2 hour post 70 g sugar more than 11 mmol/L

Is no glusose in urine means I am free of diabetes ?
The answer is NO ! as described earlier , it is diagnosed by fasting blood sugar . As early diabetes , urine sugar may be NEGATIVE !

What is sign and symptom of diabetes ?
Initial diabetes may have no symptom . Some people may find out their diabetes from routine test or general medical checkup ! As result , 50% people undiagnosed ! If you have increased thirst, increased hunger, fatigue, increased urination, weight loss, blurred vision and unhealed sore, You may have diabetes

what is the risk factor ?
Age more than 40,  overweight, inactive lifestyle, poor diet (high sugar and carbohydrate), family history diabetes, smoking.

Why I should treat my diabetes ?
Study showed diabetes patient have higher risk to have stroke, ischemic heart disease, peripheral heart disease, kidney disease , eye disease and numbness of hand and foot. You don't want this damage to organ , you should treat the diabetes.

How do i know i have diabetes?
If you have the risk factor or symptom , please do the blood check by visiting your nearest Dr.



Any question please contact fangpenang@gmail.com or drkhookf.tmc@gmail.com